We can also add an else clause to an if statement to provide code that will only be executed if the initial if condition is false. Here’s a form of an if statement that includes an else clause:

if (condition) {
  // Statement1 — do something
} else {
  // Statement2 — do something else
}

• If condition is true, statement1 is executed. Then the program skips statement2 and executes any code statements following the if / else clause.
• If condition is false, statement1 is skipped and statement2 is executed. After statement2 completes, the program executes any code statements following the if / else clause.

if (coin == 1) {
  printf("Heads\n");
} else {
  printf("Tails\n");
}

In the code above, if coin is equal to 1, the program outputs “Heads”; if it does not, then it outputs “Tails.”

Note: It’s either or — only one of them will execute!