Learn

We’ve already covered the shorthand for for loops in PHP. The versions for while and foreach loops are very similar.

The only difference is the closing keywords. For a while loop, the closing keyword is endwhile, and for the foreach loop, the closing keyword is endforeach.

Our duck, duck, goose example for the while loop becomes:

<ul>
<?php
$i = 0;
while ($i < 2):
?>
<li>Duck</li>
<?php
$i++;
endwhile;
?>
<li>Goose</li>
</ul>

And the same example using foreach becomes:

<ul>
<?php
$array = [0, 1];
foreach ($array as $i):
?>
<li>Duck</li>
<?php
endforeach;
?>
<li>Goose</li>
</ul>

Instructions

We’ve changed our shoe store example to use a while loop with a nested foreach loop. With this example, the disadvantage to bracket notation starts to become apparent. It’s hard to determine which closing bracket corresponds to the while loop and which corresponds to the foreach loop.

To clean this up, begin by replacing the bracket notation for the while loop with the shorthand version.

Now replace the bracket notation for the foreach loop with the shorthand version.

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