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So far, we are able to traverse the entirety of the graph. However, there will be a problem if the graph has a cycle.

If there was a cycle, for example a path from one vertex to itself, we would be stuck in an infinite loop, continuously iterating over the same neighbors using stack.append(neighbor). To account for this, we can use a where statement in the for-in loop to ensure nodes are not duplicated.

Instructions

1.

Inside the for-in loop iterating over each neighbor, add a where clause checking if visitedNodes already contains the neighbor.

2.

At the bottom of the file, you’ll find a commented-out example of calling the dfs(startingAt:) method in an example graph. Uncomment the code then run it to see what order the nodes are visited in.

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