Getting Started with C++
Why C++?
- C++ is developed by Bjarne Stroustrup at Bell Labs in 1979.
- C++ adds object-oriented programming and many other new features to C.
- C++ is fast, flexible, and well-supported across multiple platforms.
- Being one of the most popular languages today, C++ has a wide range of applications across many fields.
C++ Style Guide
Style is what we call the conventions that govern our C++ code. These rules exist to keep the code base manageable and readable.
Here are some basic tips from Google’s C++ Style Guide:
#includestatements are mostly written at the beginning of any C/C++ program.- Names can never start with a digit or be the same as a predefined C++ keyword.
- Types, variable, operators, and literal values should be separated by one space horizontally.
- Classes, functions, and global variables should be separated by one space vertically.
- All indentations should be two spaces at a time.
#include <iostream>#include <string>using namespace std;// This program print out “Hello World!”int main() {string message = "Hello World!\n";cout << message;return 0;}
C++ Compile and Execute
C++ a compiled language, which means a compiler needs to first translate your C++ source code into machine code before it can be run. There are two common ways for running C++ programs: using the command line or an IDE.
- On the command line, type
g++and the filename to compile your program, then execute it with./and the name of the executable. - On an IDE, explore external resources because the process is different depends on which IDE is being used.
g++ hello.cpp -o hello./hello
