Python provides a module named datetime
to deal with dates and times.
It allows you to set date
,time
or both date
and time
using the date()
,time()
and datetime()
functions respectively, after importing the datetime
module .
import datetimefeb_16_2019 = datetime.date(year=2019, month=2, day=16)feb_16_2019 = datetime.date(2019, 2, 16)print(feb_16_2019) #2019-02-16time_13_48min_5sec = datetime.time(hour=13, minute=48, second=5)time_13_48min_5sec = datetime.time(13, 48, 5)print(time_13_48min_5sec) #13:48:05timestamp= datetime.datetime(year=2019, month=2, day=16, hour=13, minute=48, second=5)timestamp = datetime.datetime(2019, 2, 16, 13, 48, 5)print (timestamp) #2019-01-02 13:48:05
In Python, the as
keyword can be used to give an alternative name as an alias for a Python module or function.
# Aliasing matplotlib.pyplot as pltfrom matplotlib import pyplot as pltplt.plot(x, y)# Aliasing calendar as cimport calendar as cprint(c.month_name[1])
The Python import statement can be used to import Python modules from other files.
Modules can be imported in three different ways: import module
, from module import functions
, or from module import *
. from module import *
is discouraged, as it can lead to a cluttered local namespace and can make the namespace unclear.
# Three different ways to import modules:# First wayimport modulemodule.function()# Second wayfrom module import functionfunction()# Third wayfrom module import *function()
random.randint()
and random.choice()
In Python, the random
module offers methods to simulate non-deterministic behavior in selecting a random number from a range and choosing a random item from a list.
The randint()
method provides a uniform random selection from a range of integers. The choice()
method provides a uniform selection of a random element from a sequence.
# Returns a random integer N in a given range, such that start <= N <= end# random.randint(start, end)r1 = random.randint(0, 10)print(r1) # Random integer where 0 <= r1 <= 10# Prints a random element from a sequenceseq = ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"]r2 = random.choice(seq)print(r2) # Random element in the sequence
In Python, you can import and use the content of another file using import filename
, provided that it is in the same folder as the current file you are writing.
# file1 content# def f1_function():# return "Hello World"# file2import file1# Now we can use f1_function, because we imported file1f1_function()