Conditionals & Logic

Learn how to use conditionals and logic to build programs that generate different outcomes.

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Key Concepts

Review core concepts you need to learn to master this subject

if Statement

else Clause

switch Statement

Relational Operators

else if Statement

Logical Operators

`if` Statement

if (a == 10) {
  // Code goes here
}

An if statement is used to test an expression for truth.

If the condition evaluates to true, then the code within the block is executed; otherwise, it will be skipped.

Conditionals & Logic

Lesson 1 of 2

1
Introduction to Conditionals & Logic
Every program we’ve seen so far has only had one possible path of execution — they all execute line by line, from top to bottom. And every time you run one of those programs, it gives you the same …
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2
Coin Flip Demo
Before we dive deep into the syntax of the if statement, let’s do a demo! Here, we have coinflip.cpp program that simulates a coin toss: - 50% of the time, it’s Heads. - 50% of the time, i…
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3
If Statement
An if statement is used to test an expression for truth and execute some code based on it. Here’s a simple form of the if statement: if (condition) { some code } If the condition is true, …
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4
Relational Operators
When writing conditional statements, sometimes we need to use different types of operators to compare values. These operators are called relational operators. To have a condition, we need relati…
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5
Else Clause
We can also add an else clause to an if statement to provide code that will only be executed if the condition is false. Here’s a form of an if statement that includes an else clause: if (condition…
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6
Else If
So what happens if you want more than two possible outcomes? This is where else if comes in! if (condition) { some code } else if (condition) { some code } else { some code } The el…
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7
Switch Statement
Now that we know how if, else if, else work, we can write programs that have multiple outcomes. Programs with multiple outcomes are so common that C++ provides a special statement for it… the swi…
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8
Review
Congratulations! 🙌 Here are some of the major concepts: - An if statement checks a condition and will execute a task if that condition evaluates to true. - if / else statements make binary decisi…
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