In statistics, two events are dependent if the occurrence of one of the events causes the probability of the other event occurring to change in a predictable way.
Bayes Theorem calculates the probability of A given B as the probability of B given A multiplied by the probability of A divided by the probability of B:
P(A|B)= {P(B|A)*P(A)}/{P(B)}
This theory describes the probability of an event (A), based on prior knowledge of conditions (P(B|A)) that might be related to the event.
In statistics, two events are independent if the probability of one event occurring does not affect the probability of the second event occurring.