Classes

In C++, a class is a user-defined data type that encapsulates information and behavior about an object. It serves as a blueprint for future inherited classes.

class Person {
  // Class members
};

A class is comprised of class members:

• Attributes, also known as member data, consist of information about an instance of the class.
• Methods, also known as member functions, are functions that can be used with an instance of the class.

class City {
  // Attribute
  int population;

  public:
    // Method
    void add_resident() {
      population++;
    }
};

C++ classes have access control operators that designate the scope of class members:

• public members are accessible everywhere.
• private members can only be accessed from within the same instance of the class or from friends classes.

class City {
  int population;

  public:
    void add_resident() {
      population++;
    }

  private:
    bool is_capital;
};