Operators

Go supports a number of different operators. These are symbols that modify the value of one or more expressions. These symbols include arithmetic operators, comparison operators, logical operators, bitwise operators, and assignment operators.

Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic operators take one or two numeric expressions and return a numeric result.

• + Takes two expressions, (A + B), and returns the sum of the two expressions.
• - Takes two expressions, (A - B), and returns the difference of the two expressions, the first expression minus the second.
• * Takes two expressions, (A * B), and returns the product of the two expressions.
• / Takes two expressions, (A / B), and returns the first expression divided by the second.
• % Takes two expressions, (A % B), and returns the modulus, the remainder after the integer division of the first expression by the second.
• ++ Takes one expression, (A++), and returns the expression incremented by one.
• -- Takes one expression, (B--), and returns the expression decremented by one.

Comparison Operators

Comparison operators compare two expressions and return true or false based on the operator and the values of the expression. Go has the following comparison operators.

• ==: Takes two expressions, (A == B), and returns true if both expressions are equal.
• !=: Takes two expressions, (A != B), and returns true if both expressions are not equal.
• <: Takes two expressions, (A < B), and returns true if the left expression is numerically less than or comes lexically before the right one.
• <=: Takes two expressions, (A <= B), and returns true if the left expression is numerically less than or comes lexically before the right one, or if both expressions are equal.
• >: Takes two expressions, (A > B), and returns true if the left expression is numerically greater than or comes lexically after the right one.
• >=: Takes two expressions, (A >= B), and returns true if the left expression is numerically greater than or comes lexically after the right one, or if both expressions are equal.

Logical Operators

Logical operators return a true or false value based on the true or false values of the expressions they operate on. When expressions are numeric, a zero value is treated as false and a non-zero value is treated as true.

• && AND operator: Takes two expressions, (A && B), and returns true if both expressions are true.
• || OR operator: Takes two expressions, (A || B), and returns true if one of them is true.
• ! NOT operator: Takes one expression, !(A), and returns true if its value is false.

Bitwise Operators

Bitwise operators manipulate the individual bits of their numeric expressions.

• & Binary AND Operator: Takes two expressions, (A & B), result will have a bit set if the corresponding bit in each expression is set.
• | Binary OR Operator: Takes two expressions, (A | B), result will have a bit set if either expression has the corresponding bit set.
• ^ Binary XOR Operator: Takes two arguments, (A ^ B), result will have a bit set if only one corresponding bit is set between the two expressions.
• << Binary Left Shift Operator: Takes two arguments, (A << B), result will be the first argument with its bits moved to the left the number of positions specified by the second.
• >> Binary Right Shift Operator: Takes two arguments, (A >> B), result will be the first argument with its bits moved to the right the number of positions specified by the second.

Assignment Operators

Assignment operators store the value of an expression into a variable. The variable being assigned to is always on the left.

• =: Assigns the value of the expression to the right to the variable on the left.

  C = A + B stores the value of A + B into the variable C.

• +=: Adds the value on the right to the value in the variable on the left and assigns it to the variable.

  C += A is the same as C = C + A.

• -=: Subtracts the value on the right from the value in the variable on the left and assigns it to the variable.

  C -= A is the same as C = C - A.

• *=: Multiplies the value on the right to the value in the variable to the left and assigns it to the variable.

  C *= A is the same as C = C * A.

• /=: Divides the value in the variable on the left by the value on the right and stores the result in the variable.

  C /= A is the same as C = C / A.

• %=: Performs an integer division of the value in the variable on the left by the value on the right and stores the remainder in the variable.

  C %= A is the same as C = C % A.

• <<=: Does a binary left shift operation on the value in the variable on the left by the number of positions specified on the right and stores the result in the variable.

  C <<= A is the same as C = C << A.

• >>=: Does a binary right shift operation on the value in the variable on the left by the number of positions specified on the right and stores the result in the variable.

  C >>= A is the same as C = C >> A.

• &=: Does a bitwise AND operation between the value in the variable on the left with the value on the right and stores the result in the variable.

  C &= A is the same as C = C & A.

• |=: Does a bitwise OR operation between the value in the variable on the left and the value on the right and stores the result in the variable.

  C |= A is the same as C = C | A.

• ^=: Does a bitwise XOR operation between the value in the variable on the left and the value on the right and stores the value in the variable.

  C ^= A is the same as C = C ^ A.