Operators

Operators are used to perform various operations on variables and values of various data types.

Basic math operations can be applied to int, double, and float data types:

• + addition
• - subtraction
• * multiplication
• / division
• % modulo (yields the remainder)

These operations are not supported for other data types.

int a = 20;
int b = 10;

int result;

result = a + b;  // 30
result = a - b;  // 10
result = a * b;  // 200
result = a / b;  // 2
result = a % b;  // 0

Comparison operators can be used to compare two values:

• > greater than
• < less than
• >= greater than or equal to
• <= less than or equal to
• == equal to
• != not equal to

They are supported for primitive data types and the result of a comparison is a boolean value true or false:

int a = 5;
int b = 3;

boolean result = a > b;
// Result now holds the boolean value true

There is also a type comparison operator, instanceof. It tests if a given object is an instance of a particular class, subclass, or interface. It will return false if the object being compared has a null value.

class Example {
  public static void main(String args[]) {
  Example test = new Example();
  System.out.println(test instanceof Example);
  // Outputs true
 }
}

Bitwise operators are used to manipulate individual bits of a number.

• & Bitwise AND
• | Bitwise OR
• ^ Bitwise XOR
• ~ Bitwise complement
• << Signed right shift operator
• >> Signed left shift operator
• >>> Unsigned right shift operator
• <<< Unsigned left shift operator

They can only be operated on data of int, char, byte, long, and short.

int a = 5;
int b = 3;

int bitwiseAnd = a & b;
// 1

int bitwiseOr = a | b;
// 7

int bitwiseXor = a ^ b;
// 6

int bitwiseComplement = ~a;
// -6

int bitwiseRightShift = a >> b;
// 0

int bitwiseLeftShift = a << b;
// 40