Errors

When JavaScript throws an error it throws an error object that consists of a name and a message property. The name is the general type of the error, and the message is a human-readable description of the specific error that happened.

Thrown errors are caught by the next outer catch block of a try...catch...finally statement. They can also be thrown intentionally by the throw statement.

The Error Object

The error object holds information about the exception that was thrown in its two properties:

• name Sets or returns an error name. (Type of Error)
• message Sets or returns an error message. (Description of specific instance.)

The following types of error can be returned by the name property:

• “EvalError” An error has occurred in the eval() function (Note: Depreciated in newer versions of JavaScript)
• “RangeError” A number “out of range” has occurred
• “ReferenceError” An illegal reference has occurred
• “SyntaxError” A syntax error has occurred
• “TypeError” A type error has occurred
• “URIError” An error in encodeURI() has occurred

These are some example messages for various types of errors:

• RangeError
  • invalid array length
  • invalid date
• ReferenceError
  • “x” is not defined
  • assignment to undeclared variable “x”
• SyntaxError
  • “x” is a reserved identifier
  • a declaration in the head of a for-of loop can’t have an initializer
• TypeError
  • “x” is not a function
  • “x” is read-only
• URIError
  • malformed URI sequence