Math Methods

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Published May 1, 2024
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In NumPy, Math Methods are used to perform mathematical operations on arrays. These methods encompass arithmetic operations, trigonometric functions, exponential and logarithmic functions, and more. They play a crucial role in scientific computing, data analysis, and machine learning, making NumPy indispensable across scientific research, engineering, finance, and data analysis domains.

Syntax

The generic syntax for the NumPy math methods is as follows:

numpy.math_method()

Example

import numpy as np


# Perform element-wise addition of two arrays using numpy.add() method
result = np.add([1, 2, 3], [10, 20, 30])
print("Result of addition:", result)


Result of addition: [11 22 33]

Basic Categories of Math Methods

1. Basic Arithmetic Operations

  • Addition numpy.add(): Performs element-wise addition of arrays.
  • Subtraction numpy.subtract(): Performs element-wise subtraction of arrays.
  • Multiplication numpy.multiply(): Performs element-wise multiplication of arrays.
  • Division numpy.divide(): Performs element-wise division of arrays.
  • Power numpy.power(): Performs element-wise exponentiation of arrays.

2. Trigonometric Functions

  • Sine numpy.sin(): Computes the sine of each element in the array.
  • Cosine numpy.cos(): Computes the cosine of each element in the array.
  • Tangent numpy.tan(): Computes the tangent of each element in the array.
  • Inverse Sine numpy.arcsin(): Computes the inverse sine of each element in the array.
  • Inverse Cosine numpy.arccos(): Computes the inverse cosine of each element in the array.
  • Inverse Tangent numpy.arctan(): Computes the inverse tangent of each element in the array.

3. Exponential and Logarithmic Functions

  • Exponential numpy.exp(): Computes the exponential of each element in the array.
  • Natural Logarithm numpy.log(): Computes the natural logarithm of each element in the array.
  • Base-10 Logarithm numpy.log10(): Computes the base-10 logarithm of each element in the array.

4. Miscellaneous Functions

  • Absolute Value numpy.absolute(): Computes the absolute value of each element in the array.
  • Square Root numpy.sqrt(): Computes the non-negative square root of each element in the array.
  • Ceiling numpy.ceil(): Rounds each element of the array to the nearest integer greater than or equal to that element.
  • Floor numpy.floor(): Rounds each element of the array to the nearest integer less than or equal to that element.
  • Rounding numpy.round(): Rounds each element of the array to the nearest integer.

Math Methods

.abs()
Calculates the absolute value of a given number or each element in an array.
.arccos()
Calculates the inverse cosine of each element in an array or a single value.
.arcsin()
Calculates the inverse sine of each element in an array.
.arctan()
Calculates the inverse tangent of the elements in an array.
.around()
Rounds each element of an array to the specified number of decimal places.
.ceil()
Rounds each element in an array to the nearest greater integer.
.cos()
Computes the cosine of each element in an array or a single value.
.deg2rad()
Converts angles from degrees to radians.
.degrees()
Converts angles expressed in radians into degrees.
.diff()
Calculates the n-th discrete difference along a given axis, effectively subtracting consecutive elements in an array.
.exp()
Computes the exponential of all elements in the input array.
.floor()
Rounds down a number or an array of numbers to the nearest smallest integer.
.hypot()
Returns the hypotenuse of a right triangle, given the legs.
.log()
Calculates the natural logarithm of each element in an array.
.log10()
Calculates the base-10 logarithm of each element in an array.
.nanprod()
Calculates the product of array elements.
.nansum()
Computes the sum of array elements, treating Not a Number (NaN) values as zero.
.power()
Raises each element in the first array to the power of the corresponding element in the second array.
.prod()
Calculates the product of array elements along a specified axis.
.rad2deg()
Converts angles from radians to degrees.
.rint()
Rounds each element of an array to the nearest integer and returns a new array with the rounded values.
.round()
Rounds a number or an array of numbers to a specified number of decimal places.
.sin()
Calculates the trigonometric sine of each element in an array.
.sqrt()
Calculates the square root of each element in an array.
.square()
Calculates the square of each element in an array.
.tan()
Calculates the tangent of each element in an array or a single value in radians.
.trunc()
Returns the truncated value of each element in an array, removing the fractional part and leaving the integer part.
.unwrap()
Unwraps a phase angle array by changing deltas greater than a threshold to their 2*pi complement.

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