IF

In SQL, the IF statement allows for conditional logic to be applied within SQL queries. It evaluates a condition and returns a value if the condition is true and another value if the condition is false.

Syntax

IF(condition, value_if_true, value_if_false)

• condition: The condition to be evaluated.
• value_if_true: The value to be returned if the condition is true.
• value_if_false: The value to be returned if the condition is false.

Example

The following example demonstrates the use of the IF function to label stock prices as High or Low:

# Create a table named 'stocks'
CREATE TABLE stocks (company VARCHAR(30), price DECIMAL(8, 2));

# Insert some stocks into the table
INSERT INTO stocks (company, price) VALUES
('Amazon', 589.45),
('Microsoft', 398.23),
('Nvidia', 1237.78),
('Tesla', 1089.25);

# Use the IF statement to categorize stock prices
SELECT company, price, IF(price > 500, 'High', 'Low') AS price_category FROM stocks;

The output of the SELECT statement will be:

The IF function checks if the price of the stock is greater than 500. If true, it assigns High to the price_category. Otherwise, it assigns Low.